爱尔兰论文迟交:中国水稻的生产
虽然ENSO对中国北方省份的影响是积极的，但中国南部和东南部地区的破坏程度却非常高。不同研究基地的评估表明，ENSO的主要影响是对中国的水稻生产。由于水稻生产需要平均温度和高水资源，因此高水平的温度波动伴随着低水平的降水是造成中国不同省份水稻生长不足的主要原因（Lin et al。，2013） 。稻米是中国主要的农业作物，生产短缺影响出口价值，国内消费和世界市场的商品价格。根据Wang＆Wang（2013）的研究，大米是中国农业生产中最重要的粮食作物，约占总产区的30％和国内摄入量的55％。根据粮农组织的报告，中国约占世界稻米总产量的29％。
爱尔兰论文迟交:中国水稻的生产
因此，记住数据，可以说稻米产量的不足不仅阻碍了国内的需求，而且也影响了整个世界的大米消费率。根据最新的人口普查报告，中国的人口约为14亿，是一个发展中国家，约70％的人口依赖农业为收入来源。因此，ENSO的强烈天气影响造成了国内经济下滑（Chen，Feng＆Wu，2013）。由于外国投资或外国货币可能以出口形式引入该国，因此大米生产的缺乏妨碍了该国出口率降低贸易差额。此外，国内消费也受阻。根据粮农组织的报告，约55％的中国消费大米是卡路里的主要来源（Karori，Li＆Jin，2013）。因此，中国对水稻的平均需求量一直很高。供应不足导致国内消费者以高价购买大米。为了保持出口与国内消费之间的平衡，中国当局通常在供应短缺期间增加大米价格。因此，中国已经贫穷的省份的经济状况往往会进一步恶化（Chen et al。
爱尔兰论文迟交:中国水稻的生产
Although the effect of ENSO on the northern provinces of China is positive, the level of devastation in the southern and the south eastern regions of China are very high. The assessment of the different research bases shows that the major effect of the ENSO is on the rice production of China. Since rice production requires average temperature and high water resources, hence, the high degree of temperature fluctuations accompanied by the low level of rainfall are the major reasons behind the lack of growth of rice in different provinces of China (Lin et al., 2013). Rice being the primary agricultural crop of China, the shortfall in the production affects the export value, the domestic consumption and the commodity prices in the world market. According to Wang & Wang (2013), rice is the most important food crop in China’s agricultural production accounting for around 30% of total production area and 55% of domestic intake. As per the reports of FAO, China accounts for around 29% of the total world rice production.
爱尔兰论文迟交:中国水稻的生产
Thus, keeping the data in mind, it can be said that shortfall in the rice production not only hampers the domestic requirements but also affects the overall world rice consumption rate. As per the latest Census report, China has a population of around 1.4 billion and being a developing country around 70% of the population depends on agriculture as the source of their income. Therefore, the strong weather affect of ENSO creates economic downturn within the country (Chen, Feng & Wu, 2013). The lack of rice production hampers the export rate of the country which reduces the balance of trade since the foreign investments or the foreign currencies could have been introduced into the country in form of export get stopped. Additionally, the domestic consumption is also hampered. As per the reports of FAO, around 55% of China consumes rice is as their main source of calorie (Karori, Li & Jin, 2013). Thus, the average demand for rice in China is always high. The shortfall in the supply provokes the domestic consumers to purchase rice at a high price. In order to maintain a balance between the export and the domestic consumption, the Chinese authorities generally increase the price of the rice during the supply shortfall. Hence, the economic condition of the already poor provinces of China tends to detoriate further (Chen et al., 2013).
