英国代写
Main hurdles of Xenotranplantaion: The main hurdle which prevents the xenotransplantation from success is the graft rejection. There are many different mechanisms exist which account for incompatibility of organs between species leading to graft rejection. This includes hyperacute Ab-mediated rejection, acute T-cell-mediated rejection, and additional physiological related barriers (Dooldeniy and Warrens, 2003, p. 11-117).
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Xenotransplanation in New Zealand: In New Zeland xenotranplantaion is mainly being investigated for the cure of diabetes. Auckland Company Diatranz is involved in the research to use porcin pancreatic cells for treating type1 diabetes. The technology basically involves encapsulating pig pancreatic islet cells which prevents the interaction of the cells with host immune system. These cells when mature release insulin which overcomes the deficiency of insulin. In October 2008, the misnistry of health, New Zealand gave approval for a clinical trial of xenoplanataion of pig cells into human.
Ethical and social issue: Though the xenotranplanation gives hope to overcome worldwide shortage of donor organs; however it also raises many social and ethical issues. Some of the important ethical issues include include informed consent complexities for research subjects, as well as the selection of human subjects, rights of patients and medical staff and public education (as many companies may go ahead with experiments without public awareness)( Vanderpool, 1999, p. 422)
Conclusion: Xenotransplation poses challenges at all levels of thought and action. Initial researches have shown positive result. Though it can be proved a potential means of saving many people suffering from organ failure; however it is also debated for social and ethical issues. In addition it also raises question of animal welfare against human interest. At last the xenotranplantation also raises the question that to what extends we can compromise the live for sake of animal welfare.
英国代写
主要的障碍xenotranplantaion：主要障碍防止移植成功移植排斥。有许多不同的机制存在帐户不相容性器官物种之间，导致移植排斥。这包括急性抗体介导排斥反应，急性排斥反应和T细胞介导的，更多的生理有关的障碍（dooldeniy、沃伦，2003，p . 11-117）。
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xenotransplanation在新西兰：在新西兰xenotranplantaion主要是正在研究用于治疗糖尿病。伦敦公司diatranz参与研究使用猪胰腺细胞治疗1型糖尿病。该技术主要涉及封装猪胰腺胰岛细胞，防止相互作用的细胞与宿主免疫系统。这些细胞成熟时释放胰岛素，克服胰岛素缺乏。在十月的2008，misnistry健康，新西兰批准了一项临床试验xenoplanataion猪细胞移植入人体。
伦理和社会问题：虽然xenotranplanation让希望克服全球短缺捐助机构；但是它也引起了许多社会和伦理问题。一些重要的伦理问题，包括知情同意的研究对象的复杂性，以及选择人类受试者的权利，病人和医护人员和公众教育（如许多公司可能继续实验没有公共意识（项），1999，422页）
结论：xenotransplation带来了挑战，在各级的思想和行动。初步研究表明积极的结果。虽然它可以证明一个潜在的手段，挽救了许多人患有器官衰竭；然而这也是争论的社会和伦理问题。此外它还提出问题的动物福利对人的兴趣。最后，xenotranplantation还提出了一个问题，什么我们可以妥协的生活而动物福利。
